Isa 9:6-7, Dan 7:14, 27, Luk 1:33, Rev 11:15 | JFB | STEP | 6. For-- the ground of these great expectations, unto us-- for the benefit of the Jews first, and then the Gentiles (compare "unto you," ). son ... given-- ( ). God's gratuitous gift, on which man had no claim ( ; ). government ... upon ... shoulder-- The ensign of office used to be worn on the shoulder, in token of sustaining the government ( ). Here the government on Messiah's shoulder is in marked antithesis to the "yoke and staff" of the oppressor on Israel's "shoulder" ( ). He shall receive the kingdom of the earth from the Father, to vindicate it from the misrule of those to whom it was entrusted to hold it for and under the Most High, but who sought to hold it in defiance of His right; the Father asserts His right by the Son, the "Heir of all things," who will hold it for Him ( , ). name ... called-- His essential characteristics shall be. Wonderful-- (See on ; , Margin; ). Counsellor-- ( ; , ; ; ). mighty God-- ( ; ; ) Horsley translates: "God the mighty man." "Unto us ... God" is equivalent to "Immanuel" ( ). everlasting Father-- This marks Him as "Wonderful," that He is "a child," yet the "everlasting Father" ( ; ). Earthly kings leave their people after a short reign; He will reign over and bless them for ever [Hengstenberg]. Prince of Peace-- (See on ; ; Shiloh, "The Tranquillizer"). Finally ( ). Even already He is "our peace" ( ; ).

‏ Isaiah 9:6-7

6. For--the ground of these great expectations,

unto us--for the benefit of the Jews first, and then the Gentiles (compare "unto you," Lu 2:11).

son ... given--(Psa 2:7). God's gratuitous gift, on which man had no claim (Joh 3:16; Ro 6:23).

government ... upon ... shoulder--The ensign of office used to be worn on the shoulder, in token of sustaining the government (Is 22:22). Here the government on Messiah's shoulder is in marked antithesis to the "yoke and staff" of the oppressor on Israel's "shoulder" (Is 9:4). He shall receive the kingdom of the earth from the Father, to vindicate it from the misrule of those to whom it was entrusted to hold it for and under the Most High, but who sought to hold it in defiance of His right; the Father asserts His right by the Son, the "Heir of all things," who will hold it for Him (Da 7:13, 14).

name ... called--His essential characteristics shall be.

Wonderful--(See on Is 8:18; Jud 13:18, Margin; 1Ti 3:16).

Counsellor--(Psa 16:7; Ro 11:33, 34; 1Co 1:24; Col 2:3).

mighty God--(Is 10:21; Psa 24:8; Tit 2:13) Horsley translates: "God the mighty man." "Unto us ... God" is equivalent to "Immanuel" (Is 7:14).

everlasting Father--This marks Him as "Wonderful," that He is "a child," yet the "everlasting Father" (Joh 10:30; 14:9). Earthly kings leave their people after a short reign; He will reign over and bless them for ever [Hengstenberg].

Prince of Peace--(See on Is 9:5; Ge 49:10; Shiloh, "The Tranquillizer"). Finally (Ho 2:18). Even already He is "our peace" (Lu 2:14; Ep 2:14).

7. Of ... increase ... no end--His princely rule shall perpetually increase and be unlimited (Da 2:44).

throne of David--(1Ki 8:25; Psa 2:6; 132:11; Jr 3:17, 18 Eze 34:23-26; 37:16, 22; Lu 1:32, 33; Ac 2:30).

judgment ... justice--It is not a kingdom of mere might, and triumph of force over enemies, but of righteousness (Is 42:21; Psa 45:6, 7), attainable only in and by Messiah.

zeal, &c.--including not only Christ's hidden spiritual victory over Satan at the first coming, but the open one accompanied with "judgments" on Antichrist and every enemy at the second coming (Is 59:17; Psa 9:6-8).

Is 9:8-10:4. Prophecy as to the Ten Tribes.

Delivered a little later than the previous one. The ninth and tenth chapters ought to have been so divided. The present division into chapters was made by Cardinal Hugo, in A.D. 1250; and into verses, by Robert Stephens, the famous printer of Paris, in 1551. After the Assyrian invasion of Syria, that of Ephraim shall follow (2Ki 16:9); Is 9:8-11, 17-20, foretell the intestine discords in Israel after Hoshea had slain Pekah (A.D. 739), that is, just after the Assyrian invasions, when for seven years it was stripped of magistrates and torn into factions. There are four strophes, each setting forth Ephraim's crime and consequent punishment, and ending with the formula, "For all this His anger is not turned away," &c. (Is 9:12, 17, 21, and Is 10:4).

‏ Daniel 7:14

‏ Daniel 7:27

27. greatness of the kingdom under ... whole heaven--The power, which those several kingdoms had possessed, shall all be conferred on Messiah's kingdom. "Under ... heaven" shows it is a kingdom on earth, not in heaven.

people of ... saints of ... Most High--"the people of the saints," or "holy ones" (Da 8:24, Margin): the Jews, the people to whom the saints stand in a peculiar relation. The saints are gathered out of Jews and Gentiles, but the stock of the Church is Jewish (Ro 9:24; 11:24); God's faithfulness to this election Church is thus virtually faithfulness to Israel, and a pledge of their future national blessing. Christ confirms this fact, while withholding the date (Ac 1:6, 7).

everlasting kingdom--If everlasting, how can the kingdom here refer to the millennial one? Answer: Daniel saw the whole time of future blessedness as one period. The clearer light of the New Testament distinguishes, in the whole period, the millennium and the time of the new heaven and new earth (compare Re 20:4 with Re 21:1 and Re 22:5). Christ's kingdom is "everlasting." Not even the last judgment shall end it, but only give it a more glorious appearance, the new Jerusalem coming down from God out of heaven, with the throne of God and the Lamb in it (compare Re 5:9, 10; 11:15).

‏ Luke 1:33

32-33. This is but an echo of the sublime prediction in Is 9:6, 7.

‏ Revelation of John 11:15

15. sounded--with his trumpet. Evidently "the LAST trumpet." Six is close to seven, but does not reach it. The world judgments are complete in six, but by the fulfilment of seven the world kingdoms become Christ's. Six is the number of the world given over to judgment. It is half of twelve, the Church's number, as three and a half is half of seven, the divine number for completeness. Bengel thinks the angel here to have been Gabriel, which name is compounded of El, God, and Geber, MIGHTY MAN (Re 10:1). Gabriel therefore appropriately announced to Mary the advent of the mighty God-man: compare the account of the man-child's birth which follows (Re 12:1-6), to which this forms the transition though the seventh trumpet in time is subsequent, being the consummation of the historical episode, the twelfth and thirteen chapters. The seventh trumpet, like the seventh seal and seventh vial, being the consummation, is accompanied differently from the preceding six: not the consequences which follow on earth, but those IN HEAVEN, are set before us, the great voices and thanksgiving of the twenty-four elders in heaven, as the half-hour's silence in heaven at the seventh seal, and the voice out of the temple in heaven, "It is done," at the seventh vial. This is parallel to Da 2:44, "The God of heaven shall set up a kingdom, which shall never be destroyed: and the kingdom shall not be left to other people, but it shall break to pieces all these kingdoms, and it shall stand for ever." It is the setting up of Heaven's sovereignty over the earth visibly, which, when invisibly exercised, was rejected by the earthly rulers heretofore. The distinction of worldly and spiritual shall then cease. There will be no beast in opposition to the woman. Poetry, art, science, and social life will be at once worldly and Christian.

kingdoms--A, B, C, and Vulgate read the singular, "The kingdom (sovereignty) of (over) the world is our Lord's and His Christ's." There is no good authority for English Version reading. The kingdoms of the world give way to the kingdom of (over) the world exercised by Christ. The earth-kingdoms are many: His shall be one. The appellation "Christ," the Anointed, is here, where His kingdom is mentioned appropriately for the first time used in Revelation. For it is equivalent to King. Though priests and prophets also were anointed, yet this term is peculiarly applied to Him as King, insomuch that "the Lord's anointed" is His title as King, in places where He is distinguished from the priests. The glorified Son of man shall rule mankind by His transfigured Church in heaven, and by His people Israel on earth: Israel shall be the priestly mediator of blessings to the whole world, realizing them first.

he--not emphatic in the Greek.

shall reign for ever and ever--Greek, "unto the ages of the ages." Here begins the millennial reign, the consummation of "the mystery of God" (Re 10:7).