Jer 23:5 | JFB | STEP | 5. As Messianic prophecy extended over many years in which many political changes took place in harmony with these, it displayed its riches by a variety more effective than if it had been manifested all at once. As the moral condition of the Jews required in each instance, so Messiah was exhibited in a corresponding phase, thus becoming more and more the soul of the nation's life: so that He is represented as the antitypical Israel ( ). unto David —HENGSTENBERG observes that Isaiah dwells more on His prophetical and priestly office, which had already been partly set forth ( ). Other prophets dwell more on His kingly office. Therefore here He is associated with "David" the king: but in with the then poor and unknown "Jesse." righteous Branch —"the Branch of righteousness" ( ); "The Branch" simply ( ); "The Branch of the Lord" ( ). prosper —the very term applied to Messiah's undertaking ( , Margin; ). Righteousness or justice is the characteristic of Messiah elsewhere, too, in connection with our salvation or justification ( ). So in the New Testament He is not merely "righteous" Himself, but "righteousness to us" ( ), so that we become "the righteousness of God in Him" ( ). execute judgment and justice in the earth — ( ). Not merely a spiritual reign in the sense in which He is "our righteousness," but a righteous reign "in the earth" ( ). In some passages He is said to come to judge, in others to reign. In , He is called "the King." unites them. Compare .

Jeremiah 23:5

5. As Messianic prophecy extended over many years in which many political changes took place in harmony with these, it displayed its riches by a variety more effective than if it had been manifested all at once. As the moral condition of the Jews required in each instance, so Messiah was exhibited in a corresponding phase, thus becoming more and more the soul of the nation's life: so that He is represented as the antitypical Israel (Isa 49:3).

unto David—HENGSTENBERG observes that Isaiah dwells more on His prophetical and priestly office, which had already been partly set forth (De 18:18; Ps 110:4). Other prophets dwell more on His kingly office. Therefore here He is associated with "David" the king: but in Isa 11:1 with the then poor and unknown "Jesse."

righteous Branch—"the Branch of righteousness" (Jer 33:15); "The Branch" simply (Zec 3:8; 6:12); "The Branch of the Lord" (Isa 4:2).

prosper—the very term applied to Messiah's undertaking (Isa 52:13, Margin; Isa 53:10). Righteousness or justice is the characteristic of Messiah elsewhere, too, in connection with our salvation or justification (Isa 53:11; Da 9:24; Zec 9:9). So in the New Testament He is not merely "righteous" Himself, but "righteousness to us" (1Co 1:30), so that we become "the righteousness of God in Him" (Ro 10:3, 4; 2Co 5:19-21; Php 3:9).

execute judgment and justice in the earth— (Ps 72:2; Isa 9:7; 32:1, 18). Not merely a spiritual reign in the sense in which He is "our righteousness," but a righteous reign "in the earth" (Jer 3:17, 18). In some passages He is said to come to judge, in others to reign. In Mt 25:34, He is called "the King." Ps 9:7 unites them. Compare Da 7:22, 26, 27.