1Pe 4:1-5 | NET2full | STEP | So , since Christ suffered in the flesh , you also arm yourselves with the same attitude because the one who has suffered in the flesh has finished with sin ,

1 Peter 4:1-5

1 So, since Christ suffered ^{▼▼tc Most mss (א2 A P 5 33 81 436 442 1175 1611 1852 Maj) add ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν (huper hēmōn, “for us”); others (א* 69 1505 syp) add ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν (huper humōn, “for you”), the first hand of א also has ἀποθανόντος (apothanontos, “since he died”) instead of παθόντος (pathontos, “since he suffered”). But the reading without ὑπὲρ ἡ/ὑμῶν best explains the rise of the other readings, for not only is there confusion as to which pronoun belongs here, but the longer readings, being clarifications, are evidently scribally motivated. The shortest reading is found in significant and early witnesses (P72 B C Ψ 323 1243 1739 sa) and is strongly preferred.} in the flesh, you also arm yourselves with the same attitude because the one who has suffered in the flesh has finished with sin, ^{▼▼sn Has finished with sin. The last sentence in v. 1 may refer to Christ as the one who suffered in the flesh (cf. 2:21, 23; 3:18; 4:1a) and the latter part would then mean, “he has finished dealing with sin.” But it is more likely that it refers to the Christian who suffers unjustly (cf. 2:19-20; 3:14, 17). This shows that he has made a break with sin as vs. 2 describes.} 2 in that he spends the rest of his time ^{▼▼tn This verse may give the purpose or result of their “arming” themselves as called for in v. 1b and then the translation would be: “so that you may spend the rest of your time…” But it is better to take it as explanatory of the last phrase in v. 1: what it means to be finished with sin.} on earth concerned about the will of God and not human desires. 3 For the time that has passed was sufficient for you to do what the non-Christians ^{▼▼tn Grk “the Gentiles,” used here of those who are not God’s people.} desire. ^{▼▼tn Grk “to accomplish the desire of the Gentiles.”} You lived then ^{▼▼tn Grk “having gone along,” referring to the readers’ behavior in time past.} in debauchery, evil desires, drunkenness, carousing, drinking bouts, ^{▼▼tn According to BDAG 857 s.v. πότος the term refers to a social gathering at which wine is served, hence “drinking parties” (cf. TEV, NASB). However, the collocation with the other terms in v. 4 suggests something less sophisticated and more along the lines of wild and frenzied drinking bouts.} and wanton idolatries. ^{▼▼tn The Greek words here all occur in the plural to describe their common practice in the past.} 4 So ^{▼▼tn Grk “in/by which,” referring to the change of behavior described in v. 3. The unbelievers are astonished by the readers’ moral transformation. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.} they are astonished ^{▼▼tn Or “are surprised, are taken aback.” The same verb occurs in 4:12.} when you do not rush with them into the same flood of wickedness, and they vilify you. ^{▼▼tn Grk “blaspheming,” giving the result of their astonishment. Here the target of their “blasphemy/vilification” is not God but the Christian.} 5 They will face a reckoning before ^{▼▼tn Grk “give an account to.”} Jesus Christ ^{▼▼tn Grk “the one”; the referent (Jesus Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.} who stands ready to judge the living and the dead.