1 Samuel 18
1 Jonathan loves David.5 Saul envies his praise;10 seeks to kill him in his fury;12 fears him for his good success;17 offers him his daughters for a snare.23 David persuaded to be the king's son-in-law, gives two hundred foreskins of the Philistines for Michal's dowry.28 Saul's hatred and David's glory increase. the soul of Jonathan.The modesty, piety, and courage of David were so congenial to the character of the amiable Jonathan, that they attracted his most cordial esteem and affection; so that the most intimate friendship subsisted between them from that time, and they loved each other with pure hearts fervently. Their friendship could not be affected by the common vicissitudes of life; and it exemplifies by fact what the ancients have written on the subject; [Ten philian isoteta einai, kai mian psychen ton philon heteron auton.] "Friendship is an entire sameness, and one soul: a friend is another self." 14:1-14,45; Ge 44:30; Jud 20:11; 1Ch 12:17; Ps 86:11; Col 2:2loved him.3; 19:2; 20:17; De 13:6; 2Sa 1:26; Pr 18:24 took him.16:21-23; 17:15 made a covenant.20:8-17,42; 23:18; 2Sa 9:1-3; 21:7 stripped himself.Presents of clothes or rich robes, as tokens of respect or friendship, are frequent in the East. Ge 41:42; Es 6:8,9; Isa 61:10; Lu 15:22; 2Co 5:21; Php 2:7,8 behaved. or, prospered.14,15,30; Ge 39:2,3,23; Ps 1:3; Ac 7:10wisely.Mt 10:16; Eph 5:17; Col 4:5the men of war.13:2; 14:52 Philistine. or, Philistines. the women.Ex 15:20; Jud 11:34; Ps 68:25; Jer 31:11-13instruments of music. Heb. three stringed instruments.The original {shalishim,} is rendered by the Vulgate {sistris.} The {sistrum} was an ancient Egyptian instrument made of brass, with three, and sometimes more brass rods across; which, being loose in their holes, made a jingling noise when shaken. answered.Ex 15:21; Ps 24:7,8Saul.21:11; 29:5 the saying.Es 3:5; Pr 13:10; 27:4; Ec 4:4; Jas 4:5displeased him. Heb. was evil in his eyes.Nu 11:1; 22:34; *marginsand what.13:14; 15:28; 16:13; 20:31; 1Ki 2:22 eyed David.Ge 4:5,6; 31:2; Mt 20:15; Mr 7:22; Eph 4:27; Jas 5:9 the evil spirit.16:14,15; 19:9; 26:19and he prophesied.{Wyyithnabbai,} rather, "and he pretended to prophesy; for the verb is in {Hithpaël,} the signification of which conjugation is not only reflex action, but also affectation of the action: Jer 29:26, 27. The meaning seems to be, that Saul, influenced by the evil spirit, feigned to be prophesying, the better to conceal his murderous intentions, and to render David unsuspicious. 19:24; 1Ki 18:29; 22:12,20-23; Jer 28:2-4,11; Zec 13:2-5; Ac 16:162Th 2:11played.16:16,23and there was.{Wehachanith beyad Shäool,} rather, "and the javelin was in the hand of Saul;" for the javelin or spear was the emblem of regal authority; and kings had it always in their hand, as may be seen represented on ancient monuments. In ancient times, says Justin, kings used a spear instead of a sceptre. cast the javelin.19:9,10; 20:33; Pr 27:4; Isa 54:17And David.Ps 37:32,33; Isa 54:17; Lu 4:30; Joh 8:59; 10:39 afraid.15,20,29; 16:4; Ps 48:3-6; 53:5; Mr 6:20; Lu 8:37; Ac 24:25the Lord.16:13,18; 22:13; Ac 7:9departed.16:14; 28:15; Ps 51:11; Ho 9:12; Mt 25:41 removed.17,25; 8:12; 22:7he went out.16; Nu 27:16,17; 2Sa 5:2; Ps 121:8Saul was sensible that the Lord was departed from him; while he perceived, with evident sorrow of heart, that the Lord had given David peculiar wisdom, and that he was with him to prosper all his undertakings. This increased the disquietude of his malevolent mind, and his dread of David as a prevailing rival: he therefore removed him from his presence. This impolitic step, however, served the more to ingratiate David with the people, by affording him the opportunity of leading them forth to victory over their enemies. behaved. or, prospered.5the Lord.10:7; 16:18; Ge 39:2,3,23; Jos 6:27; Mt 1:23; 28:20; Ac 18:10 wisely.Ps 112:5; Da 6:4,5; Col 4:5; Jas 1:5; 3:17 all Israel.5; Lu 19:48; 20:19he went.Nu 27:17; 2Sa 5:2; 1Ki 3:7 her will I give.17:25; Ps 12:2; 55:21valiant. Heb. a son of valour. the Lord's.17:47; 25:28; Nu 32:20,27,29Let not mine.21,25; De 17:7; 2Sa 11:15; 12:9 Who am I.23; 9:21; Ex 3:11; Ru 2:10; 2Sa 7:18; Pr 15:33; 18:12; Jer 1:6 Adriel.Jud 14:20; 2Sa 21:8Meholathite.Jud 7:22 loved David.28Ge 29:18,20 34:3 Jud 16:4,15 2Sa 13:1 1Ki 11:1,2 Ho 3:2pleased him. Heb. was right in his eyes. a snare.Ex 10:7; Ps 7:14-16; 38:12; Pr 26:24-26; 29:5; Jer 5:26; 9:8the hand.17; 19:11,12this day.26 commanded.Ps 36:1-3; 55:21servants.2Sa 13:28,29; Pr 29:12 a light.1Jo 3:1a poor man.9:21; Pr 14:20; 19:6,7; Ec 9:15,16and lightly.Ps 119:141 On this manner. Heb. According to these words.24 dowry.Ge 29:18; 34:12; Ex 22:16,17but an hundred.That is, Thou shalt slay one hundred Philistines, and thou shalt produce their foreskins as a proof, not only that thou hast killed one hundred men, but that these are of the uncircumcised Philistines. foreskins.17:26,36; Ge 17:11-14; Jos 5:3to be avenged.14:24thought.17; 2Sa 17:8-11 the days.21expired. Heb. fulfilled. his men.13slew.Jud 14:19; 2Sa 3:14two hundred men.The Septuagint has only [ ,] one hundred men; and as Saul covenanted for a hundred, as David himself says, (2 Sa 3:14,) that he espoused Michal for a hundred, it is very probable that this is the true reading. 24:20; 26:25; Ge 30:27; 37:8-11; 39:3; Re 3:9 yet the.12,15; Ps 37:12-14; Ec 4:4; Jas 2:19Saul became.Ge 4:4-8; Joh 11:53; 1Jo 3:12-15 the princes.Of this war we know no more than that David, whose military skill was greater, was more successful in it, than all the other officers of Saul. went forth.2Sa 11:1behaved himself.5; Ps 119:99; Da 1:20; Lu 21:15; Eph 5:15set by. Heb. precious.2:30; 26:21; 2Ki 1:13; Ps 116:15; 1Pe 2:4,7
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